RESUMO
Ischemic stroke is caused by a variety of factors caused by intracerebral artery stenosis or obstruction， can lead to cerebral ischemia， hypoxia， neuronal necrosis and neurological dysfunction and other pathological injuries， with high morbidity， high disability rate， high mortality characteristics. Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury is the main secondary injury， which can lead to permanent disability or even death in severe cases. With the development of traditional Chinese medicine（TCM） modernization， the extraction and application of active components of TCM have been paid more and more attention. Salidroside， as the main active component of Rhodirosea， a rare Chinese medicinal herb， has been proved to fight cerebral ischemia injury by inhibiting cell apoptosis， anti-oxidative stress， reducing inflammatory response， protecting blood-brain barrier， regulating autophagy， promoting nerve remodeling and synaptic regeneration in preclinical trials. However， due to its multi-pathway， multi-pathway and multi-target action characteristics， the specific mechanism of salidroside to improve cerebral ischemia injury has not been fully elucidated. By reviewing relevant literature in the past decade， the author reviewed the mechanism of action of salidroside in the treatment of ischemic brain injury， and summarized the recent progress of its pharmacokinetic studies and safety evaluation， in order to provide theoretical basis and new research ideas for the development and clinical application of the active ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine.
RESUMO
Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury （CIRI） is a further injury of brain tissue after the recovery of blood supply in ischemic stroke， which seriously affects the quality of life of patients. The pathological mechanism of CIRI is complex， mainly involving excitatory amino acid toxicity， apoptosis， inflammation， and oxidative stress. Studies have proved that Chinese herbal medicines and their active components have unique advantages and good application prospects in the prevention and treatment of CIRI. Quercetin is a flavonoid ubiquitous in a variety of Chinese medicinal herbs. It can alleviate CIRI and reduce brain injury through inhibiting inflammation， oxidation， and apoptosis， protecting blood-brain barrier， and activating mitophagy. However， little is known about the specific mechanism and molecular targets. In view of the low bioavailability and poor solubility of quercetin， researchers have developed a variety of delivery systems to facilitate the dispersion of quercetin， improve chemical stability， and increase clinical application. Furthermore， researchers have tested the long-term safety of quercetin and confirmed that low-dose quercetin has good safety. By reviewing the relevant studies in recent years， we summarized the targets， mechanism， delivery， and safety of quercetin in the treatment of CIRI， aiming to provide a theoretical basis for the further development and application of quercetin.